NCDJ Recommendation: Treatment is an acceptable term for medical interventions, and treatment center is acceptable for the establishment in which such practices take place. Melanin also plays a role in the development of optic nerves, so people with albinism have vision problems. Use recovering to refer to someone with the disease of addiction, as in someone recovering from alcoholism.. Many dislike Other visual disabilities include reduced sight in conditions such as bright light or darkness and distortions of the visual field. NCDJ Recommendation: Do not use the term freak to describe a person with a disability as it is derogatory. But not all people who appear to haveseizures haveepilepsy, a group of related disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrentseizures., NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having epilepsy only if the information is relevant to the story and if youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. Seizures can happen after a stroke, a closed head injury, an infection such as meningitis or another illness. The BBC and The Conversation both have well-considered takes on it. en abril 28, 2022 abril 28, 2022 moaning minnie synonym. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using handicap and handicapped when describing a person. Deaf-mute was traditionally used to refer to people who can neither speak nor hear in traditional ways. "Hard of hearing" refers to a hearing loss where there may be enough residual It is characterized by unusually intense shifts in emotion, energy, behavior and activity levels in what are called mood episodes. Such episodes are usually classified as manic, hypomanic, depressive or mixed episodes. If Full Deaf, call them Deaf. NCDJ recommendation: Do not apply the term invisible disability to people without asking what they prefer. Background: Cerebral palsy refers to a number of neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood and permanently affect body movement and muscle coordination, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Special thanks to Rebecca Monteleone, University of Toledo; Jon Henner, University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Sherri Collins, Arizona Commission for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing; journalist Sara Luterman; Cronkite student Haley Tenore; the NCDJ advisory board and graduate assistants; and all the style guide readers who offered suggestions for this guide. Its chief symptoms include difficulties with spelling, reading, pronunciation of words and processing auditory information. Many experts classify autism as a developmental disability. Background: These words were once commonly used to describe people with mental illness but are now considered offensive. Do your best. Other terms are acceptable for those with some vision loss. AP style: The stylebook allows the use of vegetative state, describing it as a condition in which the eyes are open and can move, and the patient has periods of sleep and periods of wakefulness, but remains unconscious, unaware of self or others.. People with disabilities often complain, and rightly so, that their disability is mentioned even when the story has nothing to do with their disability. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Difficulty with speech, including slurred Psychoanalyst: A specific type of psychotherapist trained to work with both an individuals unconscious and unconscious mind. People-first language is not preferred by all people with disabilities. Background: Psychological triggers are words, images or sounds that activate phobias, panic attacks or flashbacks to unpleasant events or trauma. This condition also has been called long haul and people with it, long haulers.. For more information, consult the U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division Disability Rights Section. Background: A language researcher introduced the term audism in 1975, according to Britannica, which defines it as people who continually judge deaf peoples intelligence and success on the basis of their ability in the language of the hearing culture. It also appears when deaf people themselves actively participate in the oppression of other deaf people by demanding of them the same set of standards, behavior, and values that they demand of hearing people. The term reemerged in the 1990s and is generally accepted today. NCDJ Recommendation: Ask people how they would like to be described. Background: ADHD, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, is a relatively common neurodevelopmental diagnosis. There are four types of spina bifida. This is caused by the muscles that are used to create speech not functioning properly or to their best ability. Background: The majority of people with disabilities have chronic conditions that are invisible or hidden. But why does their speech get sloppier? 3. Some consider it condescending, offensive or simply a way of avoiding talking about disability. Avoid referring to the disabled in the same way that you would avoid referring to the Asians, the Jews or the African Americans. When describing individuals, do not reference disabilities unless it is clearly pertinent to the story. Several U.S. disability groups have always used identity-first terms, specifically the culturally Deaf community and the autistic rights community. Background: The Oxford English Dictionary defines neurodiversity as the range of differences in individual brain function and behavioral traits, regarded as part of the normal variation in the human population (used especially in the context of autism spectrum disorders). The word was coined in the late 1990s. AP style: Not addressed except to state that homebound and housebound are one word with no hyphens. Mayo Clinic. Background: Lame is a word commonly used to describe difficulty walking as the result of an injury to the leg. And so we are no longer offering advice regarding a default. Terminology for the disorder is varied. When possible, refer to a persons specific condition. However, people with speech and hearing disabilities are capable of expressing themselves in writing, through sign language and in other ways. While those with Tourette syndrome often can suppress tics by focusing on them, the disorder also can be treated with medication, relaxation techniques and therapy. Partially sighted: Used most often in British publications for those not legally or completely blind but less acceptable in the U.S. Visually impaired: Similar to the term . NCDJ: Person with a disability is a more neutral term than differently-abled.. Be sensitive when using words like disorder, impairment, abnormality and special to describe the nature of a disability. When referring to a drug test, state that the person tested positive for (drug)., NCDJ Recommendation: Addiction is an acceptable term, although some prefer substance abuse disorder. It is preferable to refer to someone who harmfully uses drugs as someone with a drug addiction rather than an addict. Use recovering or in recovery from to refer to someone trying to overcome an addiction; that is, someone recovering from a methamphetamine addiction.. Background: The World Health Organization recommends avoiding language that sensationalizes or normalizes suicide or presents it as a solution to problems. The term special education is still widely used when referring to public school programs, although some government entities use titles like exceptional student services.. ASL is acceptable on second reference. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid referring to someone with a disability as sick or to their disability as a sickness. If a person is receiving medical treatment, then the word patient is appropriate; however, it should be avoided outside of a medical context. Triggers can be hard to predict, and they vary from individual to individual, but communicating the nature of your content builds audience trust. The guide was developed by the National Center on Disability and Journalism at Arizona State Universitys Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication and was last updated in the summer of 2021. NCDJ Recommendation: The terms service animal, assistance animal and guide dog all are acceptable. A signer is a person who may be able to communicate conversationally with deaf persons but who may not necessarily possess the skills and expertise to accurately interpret complex dialogue or information, according to the . Background: Members of the disability community argue that characterizing people with a disability as sick or referring to them as patients signals there is something unwell about them or that they are in need of medical attention, when, in fact, that is often not the case. It is more accurate to cite the specific disability or disabilities in question. Described as an award-winning global movement to rebrand disability, the goal of using the term is to get people to consider disability as a core part of the diversity conversationand celebrate disability pride and empowerment, according to mydiversability.com. Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a group of complex disorders related to brain development, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. A developmental disability can include a long-term physical or cognitive/intellectual disability or both. NCDJ Recommendation: Many people prefer people-first language, such as a person with tetraplegia rather than tetraplegic, since this implies that the condition defines them. They give audiences a choice on whether or not to proceed with consuming the information. However, symptoms vary across the spectrum. They are frequently used by nonspeaking individuals and those with limited vocabulary to aid or replace oral speech. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having dyslexia only if the information is relevant to the story and if youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. Background: Prelingually deaf refers to individuals who were born deaf or became deaf prior to learning to understand and speak a language, according to Gallaudet University, a university for the education of the deaf and hard of hearing in Washington, D.C. Postlingually deaf or late-deafened describes people who lost their hearing ability after they learned to speak a language. For example: Eds: Graphic details of the killings could be offensive or disturbing to some readers.. The case for nonspeaking is outlined by the non-profit organization The Guild for Human Services. Journalists also may want to include such warnings in material distributed to a general audience. Background: According to the University of Kansas Research & Training Center on Independent Living, learning disability describes a neurologically based condition that may manifest itself as difficulty learning and using skills in reading (called dyslexia), writing (dysgraphia), mathematics (dyscalculia) and other cognitive processes due to differences in how the brain processes information. Some content can spark difficult memories for people with certain mental illnesses and phobias.Trigger warnings communicate that upcoming content may produce unpredictable and unwelcome reactions for some readers. Certain communities, such as the Muscular Dystrophy community and the Spinal Muscular Atrophy community, have embraced the term, but others argue that interabled relationships are relationships just like any other and should not be marked as different. AP style: Cripple is considered offensive when used to describe a person who is lame or disabled. AP style: Schizophrenia is classified as a mental illness. The term seizure is preferred when referring to the brief manifestation of symptoms common among those with epilepsy. Some people have a physical characteristic that is not a result of an amputation. Avoid confined to a wheelchair or wheelchair-bound as these terms describe a person only in relationship to a piece of equipment. Some of the more common genetic conditions include cystic fibrosis, Huntingtons disease, and sickle cell anemia. The Genome Research Institute offers comprehensive information about different genetic conditions, genetic testing and other pertinent topics. Specify the type of condition if it is known. Paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms. However, this term is not widely used. Its traced to religion in 1636 (he to his long retarded Wrath gives wings); to medicine in 1785 (Polypus, sometimes obstructs the vagina, and gives retarded labour); and later to politics (Arguably, the legacy of communism manifests itself most acutely in the retarded economic development of the east). Healthyplace.com has Ableism comes in all forms, from overt prejudice to more subtle microaggressions. Background: Hospitals that cared for people with various mental illnesses, often for long periods of time, were once commonly referred to as insane asylums. NCDJ Recommendation: Someone with an amputation is generally acceptable. I legit ignore every notification with the word in it.. Background: These terms carry the assumption that a person with a disability is suffering or has a reduced quality of life. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having dissociative identity disorder only if the information is relevant to the story and if youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. Use attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on first reference; ADHD is acceptable on second reference. People may refer to themselves as limb different or as being part of a limb different community or as having an upper or lower body limb difference. Background: Muscular dystrophy could refer to any of more than 30 genetic conditions characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the muscles that control movement, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. The type and amount of melanin your body produces determines the color of your skin, hair and eyes. Able-bodied is an appropriate term to use in some cases, such as when referring to government reports on the proportion of able-bodied members in the workforce. 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